Historian, essayist and co-founder of the National Portrait Gallery. Born in Ecclefechan, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. Portrayed, second from right, in the 1860 Ford Madox Brown painting '' as a representative 'brainworker'. "In Idleness alone is there perpetual despair." He initiated the creation of the .
After his wife died Carlyle found from her diaries and letters that she had not been happy in their marriage. He tried to atone by writing a memorial to her, which he he gave to Froude to be published after his death. Died at home in Cheyne Row. Buried in Ecclefechan.
Carlyle was a good friend to Mazzini, often having him to stay in Chelsea.
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