The church, designed by Nicholas Hawksmoor and John James, was built 1727-33 for a new parish, created by splitting the parish of St Olave Tooley Street.
Though severely damaged by a bomb on 20 September 1940 parts of the church continued in use. A rebuilding plan was agreed but later rescinded. 1947-64 the parish took part in a number of amalgamations. In 1968 the church was closed and in 1974 the London City Mission bought the site. Burials in the church's crypt were removed to Brookwood Cemetery. Nasmith House, LCM's HQ, was built on top of the church's footings and opened in 1975.
The shell of the church serves as the backdrop for part of the promo film for Manfred Mann's 1969 single 'Ragamuffin Man'.
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