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Designed by John Soane, and built in 1805, the inspiration for this architecture was the in Tivoli, Italy. 

For 130 years this corner had no public route through it.  As part of the major rebuilding carried out by Herbert Baker in the 1930s the archways were cut, providing a way of negotiating this corner without use of the pavement.  At that time the ever-increasing volume of motorised traffic was becoming a real problem, so we think the motivation for the design would have been that it enabled the narrowing of the pavement at this tight corner.