This is a big topic. The Army Museum has a good introduction at their page : "The birth of India and Pakistan as independent states in 1947 was a key moment in the history of Britain’s Empire and its army. But the process of partition was attended by mass migration and ethnic violence that has left a bitter legacy to this day."
In 1947: Clement Attlee, was Prime Minister, Viscount Louis Mountbatten was the last British Governor-General of India; Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of India; Mohammad Ali Jinnah was founder and first Governor-General of Pakistan.
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